KAMPALA, Uganda (AP) — South Sudan’s central government lost
control of the capital of a key oil-producing state on Sunday, the
military said, as renegade forces loyal to a former deputy president
seized more territory in fighting that has raised fears of full-blown
civil war in the world’s newest country.
Bentiu, the capital of oil-rich Unity state, is now controlled by a
military commander loyal to former Vice President Riek Machar, said Col.
Philip Aguer, the South Sudanese military spokesman. “Bentiu is in the
hands of a commander who has declared support for Machar,” he said.
“Bentiu is not in our hands.”
The armed rebels were said to be in control days
earlier of some of South Sudan’s oil fields, which have historically
been a target for rebel movements, endangering the country’s economic
lifeblood. South Sudan gets nearly 99 percent of its government budget
from oil revenues, and the country reportedly earned $1.3 billion in oil
sales in just five months this year, according to the London-based
watchdog group Global Witness.
Although the country’s capital, Juba, is mostly peaceful a week after
a dispute among members of the presidential guard triggered violent
clashes between military factions, fighting continues as the central
government tries to assert authority in the states of Unity and Jonglei.
Bor, the capital of Jonglei, is said to be the scene of some of the
fiercest clashes between government troops and rebels. Michael Makuei
Lueth, South Sudan’s information minister, said Machar was believed to
be hiding somewhere in Unity state.
“He is a rebel, he’s a renegade and we are looking for him. He’s
moving in the bushes of South Sudan,” Lueth said of Machar. The U.N.
Mission in South Sudan said in a statement Sunday that all non-critical
staff members in Juba are being evacuated to Uganda. The mission said
the move was “a precautionary measure to reduce pressures on its limited
resources” as it continues to provide assistance and shelter to more
than 20,000 civilians gathered inside its compounds in Juba, the mission
said in a statement.
Hilde Johnson, the U.N. secretary-general’s envoy in South Sudan,
said the evacuation doesn’t mean the U.N. is “abandoning” South Sudan.
“We are here to stay, and will carry on in our collective resolve to
work with and for the people of South Sudan,” she said. “To anyone who
wants to threaten us, attack us or put obstacles in our way, our message
remains loud and clear: we will not be intimidated.”
Hundreds have been killed in the fighting and world leaders are
concerned about civil war in a country with a history of ethnic violence
and divided military loyalties. The U.S. and other countries have been
evacuating their citizens from South Sudan. The U.S. has evacuated about
680 Americans and other foreign nationals so far, State Department
spokeswoman Jen Psaki said in a statement.
On Saturday, gunfire hit three U.S. military aircraft trying to
evacuate American citizens in Bor, wounding four U.S. service members in
the same region gunfire downed a U.N. helicopter on Friday. It remains
unclear how many U.S. citizens are still stranded in Bor and other rural
towns.
Earlier this week, the top military general in Bor defected with his
troops, starting a rebellion that appears to be spreading to other parts
of the country. Aguer said Bor is still under the control of pro-Machar
forces, disputing reports the rebels had fled as government troops
advanced on Bor.
South Sudan’s President Salva Kiir, an ethnic Dinka, said on Monday
that an attempted military coup had triggered the violence, and the
blame was placed on Machar, an ethnic Nuer. But officials have since
said a fight between Dinka and Nuer members of the presidential guard
triggered the fighting that later spread across the East African
country.